DYNAMIS!
A publication of St. George Orthodox Christian Cathedral
Wichita, KS


1 Timothy 5:1-10   (12/7)    Epistle for Monday of the Twenty-Seventh Week after Pentecost

 

Church As Community I ~ Care for Widows: 1 Timothy 5:1-10, especially vs. 3: “Honor widows who are really widows.”  Saint Nikolai of Zica notes that although “...before Christ men were able with their own spirit and effort to create great civilizations...it was not possible to arrive at a proper concept of God...as love.”  And to demonstrate this truth he asks,  How would men know about charity had God not first acted with His?”  For it is with Christ that a world-wide community of care, love, and charity came into being and exists, even with imperfections, to this day, extending care and love through its members despite their great diversity.

It seems natural to us that the Church of God, filled with His Holy Spirit, is meant to be a caring, loving community.  Yet as Saint Nikolai notes: “As there are plants that grow only in one region, so this rare plant, this rare love, grows and flourishes only in Christ’s Church.  If anyone would be convinced...he must read the lives of Christ’s apostles, the fathers and confessors of the Christian faith....”  It is God Who makes love the norm and expected in the Church.

This week we read four passages that conclude the First Epistle to Timothy.  Each of the readings is concerned with the status and needs of a particular group or class of persons within the Church: widows, presbyters, slaves, teachers, and the wealthy.  Since all of these are members of the Body of Christ, all are of special concern to the Church as a loving community.

Saint Paul’s remarks concerning care for widows in the first century Church, prompt us to consider and plan how to apply to contemporary circumstances the truths he teaches us, especially with respect to the dependent women and widows among us.

Today’s reading discloses that a monastic-style order of widows was established in the early days, to avoid having the Church’s goodwill abused.  The general criteria for admission: “...sixty years old...” and ”...the wife of one man, well reported for good works...” (vss. 9,10).   Younger widows were refused admission, “...for when they have begun to grow wanton against Christ, they desire to marry, having condemnation because they have cast off their first faith” (vss. 11,12).  “...younger widows [should] marry, bear children, manage the house...” (vs. 14), and, as Tertullian noted later, to take “...the whole course of probation whereby a female can be tested.”

The Apostle counsels Timothy that care be given to those widows who truly require the help of the Church, those “...who are really widows” (vs. 3).  Notice, however, that he divides widows who have “...children or grandchildren...” (vs. 4) from any widow “...who is...left alone...” (vs. 5).  These latter are of special concern because they have no natural family who might “...repay their parents...” (vs. 4).  Where families are capable of assisting, they should bear the burden of caring for their dependent relatives: “...for this is good and acceptable before God” (vs. 4).  When one who calls himself a Christian but “...does not provide for his own, and especially for those of his household, he has denied the faith and is worse than an unbeliever” (vs. 8).

On the other hand, women who have no recourse except to make “...supplications and prayers night and day” to God for help (vs. 5) genuinely are the responsibility of the Church, because the community bears Christ’s name.  In the second century, Saint Ignatius of Antioch counseled a fellow Bishop similarly: “Do not let the widows be neglected; after the Lord, you must be their guardian.”  However, such an obligation should not be thrust on the Church in any or every case.  If a woman “...lives in pleasure (or indulgence),” though technically she may be a widow - simply because her husband is deceased - she is in fact, “...dead while she lives” (vs. 6). Christian churches should shelter dependent members, but expect others to live diligently.

Heavenly Father, guide Thy Church to administer justice for the fatherless and widows.


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